The efficiency of this module is certified by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory of the United States. It is made of perovskite solar cells with a stable efficiency of 23.6%, an open circuit voltage of 1.17 V, a short circuit current density of 24.1 mA/cm-2, and a fill factor of 0.842.
A team of scientists at the University of North Carolina has developed a mini perovskite solar module with a power conversion efficiency of 19.3% by applying a new interface engineering method.
“These panels are designed for general purpose, which means all applications that conventional photovoltaic panels will be suitable for,” UNC researcher Jinsong Huang told Photovoltaic Magazine.
The device is built with new technology to stabilize the perovskite-substrate interface embedded in the solar cells used. The researchers explained that common methods previously focused on stabilizing the perovskite-metal electrode interface through surface passivation or post-manufacturing treatments. “The degradation of perovskite solar cells starts at the interface, including perovskite-metal electrodes and perovskite-substrates, which are rich in defects,” they published in the “Science” paper “For high-performance perovskite modules Stabilize the perovskite-substrate interface” pointed out in. “Stable embedded bottom interface is as important as top interface.”
The US team found that high-density voids are concentrated around these interfaces, and the perovskite around these voids degrades faster. Their formation is attributed to the presence of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), which is a non-volatile solvent and is usually used to improve the morphology of the perovskite film near the bottom of the perovskite film.
The solvent is replaced by a solid lead coordination additive of carbon hydrazide (CBH). Scientists claim that this additive can reduce the formation of voids and at the same time act as an effective reducing agent to reduce harmful substances. Iodine is formed in the perovskite material. The scholar explained: “CBH hardly evaporates during thermal annealing, so it remains in the perovskite film.”
According to them, this new additive can produce a stable efficiency of 23.6%, an open circuit voltage of 1.17 V, a short circuit current density of 24.1 mA/cm-2 and a fill factor of 0.842. The perovskite film used in the battery is prepared by a room temperature knife coating method.
The scientists then used these cells to produce micro modules with efficiencies of 19.3% and 19.2%, and aperture areas of 18.1 and 50 cm2, respectively. These results were certified by the US Department of Energy’s National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), which tested 112 mini-panels sent by the UNC research team. More than half of the equipment exhibited efficiencies of more than 19%, of which approximately 77% were more than 18.5%. “In addition, the long-term stability of the high-efficiency perovskite micro-module has also been tested through statistical results,” they further explained. “After 1,000 hours of immersion in simulated 1 sunlight at 50 degrees Celsius, the five micro-modules retained 85% of the initial power conversion efficiency.”
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